DISINFORMATION

By Alexandr Popadin / Unsplash Life Inside the Fortress: Everyday Reality Challenges Kremlin Narratives in Kaliningrad In official discourse, Kaliningrad is increasingly portrayed as Russia’s western fortress: resilient, patriotic, and under constant external pressure. Yet propaganda must also compete with people’s everyday experience. Rising prices, logistical disruption, security alerts and the militarisation of public life shape how residents perceive the consequences of R

Photo: Ruslan Mingazhov / Unsplash From bridge to fortress: How the Kremlin is recasting Kaliningrad Kaliningrad Oblast is a Russian semi-exclave on the Baltic Sea, separated from mainland Russia and located between Lithuania and Poland – both members of the EU and NATO. The region itself was created after the Second World War from the northern part of former East Prussia, transferred to the USSR under the Potsdam agreements in 1945. This makes Kaliningrad simultaneously a Ru

When Armenian voters renewed Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan’s mandate in the June 2026 parliamentary elections, they did more than choose a government. They chose closer cooperation with the European Union. That choice made them a target. As Armenia deepened its relations with the EU, it became a frequent target of Russian Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI). Attempts to discredit European engagements are a recurring feature relayed across social media pl